Planting and Growing Guide for Onion (Allium cepa)
Description
There are many varieties of onions that come in a vast array of size, colours and shapes and sizes. Choose a variety that suits your climate and when you want to grow your onions. Some varieties grow better in the cooler months, others can be grown in warmer conditions. There are three main types. Brown onion have a strong and pungent flavour and are mostly used for cooking. White onions have somewhat milder taste and are often sliced for salads. Red onions have the mildest taste and are sliced and eaten raw in many ways. Onions are easy to grow, but take a long time to develop large bulbs - perhaps as long as 6-8 months. Plant the seeds into seed trays as the seedlings can be quite delicate when small. Plant out the seedlings after 4-6 weeks. Otherwise, you can plant the seeds directly into the garden in a protected area with fine textured soil. Small onions can be vulnerable to sudden changes in temperature especially at night.
Onions are ready to harvest when the tops begin to dry-out and topple over. Pull the onions and store them to dry out for a few days. Then, store in a cool, dry place with good ventilation.
Planting Guide
Seed Depth: Sow seed 5 cm (1/4 inch) deep in seed trays in frosty areas. Plant out after 4-6 weeks when frosts have ceased.
Space between plants: Space plants about 5-10 cm (2-4 inches) apart.
Harvest Time: Harvest in about 25-34 weeks, but small bulbs can be picked earlier.
Hints:
- Water frequently to avoid growth checks. Add a thick layer of mulch to retain soil moisture and even out soil temperatures. Mulch retains moisture, suppresses weeds, and discourages pests such as snails and slugs.
- Onions are frost tender, but can be grown all year in warmer climates
- Does best in full sun in warmer areas; part shade in hotter areas
- Feed regularly with liquid fertiliser or well-rotted manure as plants grow
- Does best in rich, well-drained soil with neutral to slightly acid pH (5.5-7.5) and rich in nitrogen
- Onions are a cold-season crop, typically planted early in spring after the last frosts and harvested in the fall (autumn) after their tops begin to die back.
- Add mulch between the rows of onions, and around the plants. This will help retain moisture and will prevent weeds
Disclaimer: The PlantWhatWhen vegetable planting guide is only designed for use as a very general reference for home gardening purposes. It is not to be used for farming, markets or commercial activities of any kind whatsoever. We take absolutely no responsibility for the accuracy and adequacy of the information provided on this site. We recommend that you consider your local climate, weather patterns and conditions when deciding what and when to plant in your home garden. It's entirely your own decision. Happy Gardening and Best Wishes!