Planting and Growing Guide for Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)
Description
Fennel is a tall plant with feathery leaves. It can grow quite large (2 metres or 6 ft tall; and 50 cm or 2 ft across at the base). Consequently, it needs plenty of room such as a back corner against a fence. Fennel is a perennial that blooms best in the second year after which the plants need to be replaced. It self-seeds readily and so if you assign it to a patch the plants will look after themselves, with new seedlings each year. Cut the plants back early in the season. This encourages bushy spreading growth. Use the leaves as a herb. Fennel is a favorite with fish and other seafood. It is also popular as a garnish for a wide range of dishes. The seeds are also widely used for making pickles and sauces. Sow Fennel seed in spring or autumn.
Bulb fennel or Florence fennel or Finocchio is a different variety. The 'bulb’ is actually the swollen stem base of the plant. It has feathery leaves as well, but the plant is much smaller and is harvested earlier.
See here for details about Florence fennel.
Planting Guide
Seed Depth: Plant seeds 5 mm (1/4 inch) deep in seed trays for an early start, or directly in the garden.
Space between plants: Space plants about 30 cm (12 inches) apart, after thinning.
Harvest Time: Harvest in about 14-15 weeks, but leaves can be harvested as the plant grows
Hints:
- Does best in full sun in cooler areas, but can grow in partially shaded areas
- Water often to keep the plants growing steadily
- Apply mulch around the plants to retain soil moisture and reduce weeds
- Feed regularly to increase yield and improve the flavor
- Does best in rich, well-drained soil with neutral to slightly acid pH
- The seedlings are frost tender and so start in seed trays or pots kept in protected areas. The mature plants can tolerate light frosts.
- Check regularly for aphids and other pests
Disclaimer: The PlantWhatWhen vegetable planting guide is only designed for use as a very general reference for home gardening purposes. It is not to be used for farming, markets or commercial activities of any kind whatsoever. We take absolutely no responsibility for the accuracy and adequacy of the information provided on this site. We recommend that you consider your local climate, weather patterns and conditions when deciding what and when to plant in your home garden. It's entirely your own decision. Happy Gardening and Best Wishes!